asfencode.blogg.se - Spine diagram

#Spine diagram skin
#Spine diagram series

The function of the vertebral column is essential to everything you do.

They called C2 the “axis” as the joint between it and C1 allows most of the rotation movement of the head ie the shaking of your head from side to side – the owl movement).īelow the lumbar spine, lies the sacrum (the ‘sacred’ bone because it is rather cross shaped) which consists of five fused vertebral segments (S1 – 5) and a coccyx (tail bone) consisting of four tiny fused segments. They are all numbered from the top down so, the C1 vertebrae supports the skull – (If you like history – C1 is also called the “atlas” as the early anatomists thought it was like Atlas holding up the World - it is this joint that does most of head nodding up and down. The total number of vertebrae during early development is 33, then several vertebrae fuse, making 24 separate bones: 7 in the neck (cervical/neck vertebrae), designated C1 – C7, 12 in the chest/rib (thoracic vertebrae), designated T1 – 12, and 5 in the back (lumbar vertebrae), designated L1 – 5.

#Spine diagram series

It is made up of a series of bones (vertebrae) which are separated by discs. It makes up about two-fifths of the total height of the body. The spine/vertebral column is a segmented flexible pillar. How Can a Sport and Exercise Medicine Specialist Help.Lumbar Interspinous Distraction Decompression.Cervical discectomy with total disc replacement.Pregnancy related spine and pelvic girdle pain.These nerves supply function to the bladder, bowels, genitals, and legs. These nerves run through the canal and then out through their respective intervertebral foraminae. Pressure on the conus can cause impaired bowel and bladder control, and numbness around the anus and genitals (‘saddle anaesthesia’).īelow the ending of the spinal cord, the canal is occupied by the spinal nerves (also known as the ‘cauda equina’ which means ‘horses tail’, named after its appearance). The lower portion of the spinal cord is known as the ‘conus’ or ‘conus medullaris’. The spinal cord ends in the upper lumbar spine (usually at L1). As a result, pressure on these structures may occur. When the size of these tunnels is reduced, there is less room for the spinal nerves. The spinal canal and intervertebral foraminae in the lumbar spine (lower back) are bony tunnels through which the spinal nerves (nerve roots) run. Spinal nerves run through these compartments. The area of the spinal canal immediately underneath the facet joint is known as the subarticular compartment or lateral recess.

Facet joints form part of the roof of the spinal canal. They allow movement between adjacent vertebrae and help to keep the spine stable. The facet joints are small joints on each side at the back of the spine. They are often removed (laminectomy) to decompress the nerves in the spinal canal.

#Spine diagram skin

They meet in the midline, giving rise to the spinous process (the ridges that can be felt through the skin at the back of the spine).

The laminae are ‘shingles’ of bone lying over the back of the spinal canal. It is the strongest part of the disc and it encloses the central nucleus and holds it under pressure to prevent it from rupturing. The annulus is a ring-like frame of fibres which connects each vertebral bone. There are no blood vessels or nerves in the nucleus, The rest of the nucleus is made up of connective tissue cells, collagen fibres, and a small amount of cartilage. It is a clear, jellylike material that is made up of 88 percent water in young adults.Īs the body ages and/or degenerates, the amount of water in the nucleus reduces. The nucleus functions as a primary shock absorber. The central soft and juicy nucleus is a sphere-shaped structure that allows tilting, rotating, and gliding movements in the spine. Each intervertebral disc has a strong outer ring of fibres (‘annulus’), and a soft, jelly-like centre (nucleus). A single disc sits between each vertebra. The intervertebral discs are soft structures which act as shock absorbers between each of the vertebrae (bones) in the spine.